The Accounting Journal of Binaniaga

Integration of Green Finance and Sharia Economy in Supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

M Jauhari — 2026-06-30

The integration of green finance and Islamic economics is a strategic alternative to overcome the financing gap of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia. However, its implementation still faces various structural and institutional challenges. Qualitative research with a case study design, the purpose of this study is to analyze the integration mechanism, examine its contribution to the achievement of the SDGs, and formulate concrete policy recommendations. Primary data was collected through in-depth interviews, key informants from regulators (Bank Indonesia, Ministry of Finance), BAZNAS managers, waqf institutions, secondary data is obtained from regulatory documents, financial statements, and various scientific publications. The results of the study revealed three main findings. First, the integration mechanism is realized through three instruments: Green Sukuk, Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS), and Green Zakat Framework which will be launched in August 2025, making Indonesia a global pioneer. Second, every 10% increase in green sukuk issuance correlates with a 1.8% increase in the Sustainable Development Index. However, the contribution of green zakat (11%) and green waqf (7%) is still relatively small compared to Green Sukuk (82%). Third, obstacles to implementation include limited bankable projects, high certification costs, partial regulations, low public literacy, and fragmentation of cross-ministry coordination.

Determinants of Earnings Quality in LQ45 Companies: The Role of Investment Opportunity Set, Earnings Persistence, Liquidity, and Dividend Payout Ratio

Marta Marta — 2026-06-30

This study aims to examine the effects of the investment opportunity set, earnings persistence, liquidity, and dividend payout ratio on earnings quality among companies listed on the LQ45 Index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020–2024. This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data sourced from companies’ annual financial reports. The population consists of 45 LQ45 companies, and the sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 23 companies with five years of observation data, yielding 115 observations. After outlier detection using boxplots, 106 final data observations were obtained. The analysis employed multiple linear regression using SPSS version 27. The results of the simultaneous test indicate that all independent variables have a significant effect on earnings quality. Partially, the investment opportunity set and liquidity have a significant positive effect on earnings quality, while earnings persistence and the dividend payout ratio do not have a significant effect. These findings indicate that companies with high investment opportunities and good liquidity tend to generate high-quality earnings, making them more reliable for stakeholders in economic decision-making.

How Does Financial Performance and Corporate Governance Effect the Sustainability Reporting Quality?

Kholishotul Fitriyah — 2026-06-30

This study aims to analyse the impact of profitability, leverage and sustainability committees on sustainability reporting quality in banking companies during the period 2022–2024. Profitability is proxied using Return on Assets (ROA), leverage using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), whilst the sustainability committee is measured using a dummy variable; sustainability reporting quality is measured using the number of pages, the number of words and the presence of assurance in the sustainability report. This study employs a quantitative approach using purposive sampling and obtained 63 research samples. The analysis method used was multiple linear regression with the aid of IBM SPSS Statistics 27. The results indicate that profitability does not have a significant effect on sustainability reporting quality. Conversely, leverage has a positive and significant effect on sustainability reporting quality. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of research on sustainability reporting and the factors influencing it.

Good Corporate Governance, Green Accounting, Carbon Emission Intensity, and Company Value: an Empirical Study on the Basic Materials Sector in the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2021–2024

Fakhri Maulana Hawali — 2026-06-30

Environmental degradation has become a pressing global concern, prompting investors to place greater emphasis on corporate environmental accountability and sustainability. This study examines the effects of green accounting, good corporate governance, and carbon emission intensity on firm value among basic material companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2021 to 2024. Samples were selected through purposive sampling, with PROPER award recipient status as one of the selection criteria, yielding 26 companies and 104 firm-year observations. Multiple linear regression was employed as the analytical tool, processed using SPSS 26. Results indicate that green accounting, proxied by PROPER rating, has a positive and statistically significant partial effect on firm value (p = 0.028), while good corporate governance shows no significant effect. Carbon emission intensity unexpectedly exhibits a positive significant effect (p = 0.048), contrary to the hypothesized direction. The simultaneous F-test is marginally insignificant (p = 0.082), and the adjusted R² is limited at 4.7%, reflecting constrained model explanatory power. These findings should therefore be treated as preliminary. The unexpected positive direction of carbon emission intensity is suspected to stem from an uncontrolled confounding firm-size effect in the current model specification.

The Impact of Digital Audit Technology and Auditor Competence on Internal Audit Effectiveness

Meliana Febriyanti — 2026-06-30

This study empirically examines how digital audit technology and auditor competencies influence the effectiveness of internal audit in Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) and the Cirebon City Inspectorate. It is grounded in Agency Theory, which emphasizes the synergistic role of technology and human resource capabilities in enhancing oversight functions. The study uses a quantitative, associative design. Primary data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 45 respondents using a census technique and analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS. The results indicate that, when considered individually, the use of digital audit technology does not significantly affect the effectiveness of internal audits; in contrast, auditor competencies have a positive and significant effect. However, when considered together, both variables have a significant effect on the effectiveness of internal audits. These findings indicate that digital audit technology is not yet optimal without adequate auditor competencies. This study is important because it provides empirical evidence that the effectiveness of internal audits in the local public sector is determined by the integration of digital information and the quality of human resources, thereby laying the foundation for strengthening technology-based oversight policies.

The Effect of Electronic-Based Government Systems (SPBE) on Regional Tax Growth

Mela Nurdialy — 2026-06-30

Indonesian local governments are mandated to enhance public service quality and strengthen regional fiscal capacity through digital government transformation. This study examines the impact of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) implementation on regional tax growth among Indonesian provincial governments. A quantitative, explanatory research design was utilized, drawing on secondary data from the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform, the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, Statistics Indonesia, and provincial government financial reports for the 2021–2024 period. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression using a pooled Ordinary Least Squares (pooled OLS) approach. The findings reveal that SPBE implementation does not significantly influence regional tax growth, as indicated by a negative coefficient of -0.0430 and a p-value of 0.1441. Conversely, regional fiscal independence, measured by the PAD Ratio, demonstrates a positive and significant effect on regional tax growth. These results suggest that digital government transformation has not directly improved regional fiscal capacity. The study suggests that digital government transformation alone may not be sufficient to strengthen regional fiscal performance without stronger institutional readiness and effective fiscal administration.

Analysis of the Implementation of PSAK 105 Mudharabah Accounting on the Quality of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Financial Reports for 2021–2024

Dahlia Dahlia — 2026-06-30

This research is motivated by the implementation of PSAK 105 on mudharabah accounting, which regulates the treatment, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of mudharabah transactions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of PSAK 105 to the quality of Bank Syariah Indonesia's (BSI) financial statements post-merger for the 2021–2024 period. BSI is the result of the merger of Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah, and BRI Syariah, which became effective on February 1, 2021. with assets exceeding IDR 245 trillion. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study approach. The results show that BSI has consistently applied PSAK 105 in initial recognition, measurement, recognition of profit sharing, and presentation and disclosure of mudharabah transactions. The quality of BSI's financial statements meets the qualitative characteristics of relevance (4.5/5), reliability (3.8/5), comparability (4.2/5), and understandability (4.0/5). Temporary inconsistencies in 2021 due to the harmonization of accounting policies of the three banks were resolved in 2022. Remaining challenges include the treatment of mudharabah musytarakah and gaps with the AAOIFI FAS 3 standard. This study recommends revising PSAK 105, strengthening human resources for sharia accounting, and tightening disclosure regulations by the Financial Services Authority (OJK)

Strengthening Budget Performance in the Public Sector: The Interplay of Accountability, Transparency, Supervision, Employee Competence, and Religiosity

Anisa Dewi Arismaya — 2026-06-30

This study examines the effects of accountability, transparency, supervision, employee competence, and religiosity on budget performance in the public sector. Effective budget performance is a key indicator of good public governance, making it essential to identify the factors that enhance the quality of budget management. The study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method of the apparatus involved in the budget management process at UIN Salatiga with a Saturated Sample. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the relationships among the proposed variables. The findings reveal that accountability, transparency, supervision, employee competence, and religiosity all have positive and statistically significant effects on budget performance. Among these determinants, employee competence exerts the strongest influence, followed by accountability and transparency. These results suggest that strengthening human resource capabilities, supported by accountable and transparent governance practices, effective supervisory mechanisms, and ethical values reflected in religiosity, can substantially improve public budget performance. The study contributes to the literature on public sector governance by providing empirical evidence on the multidimensional determinants of budget performance and offers practical insights for policymakers seeking to enhance sustainable public financial management.