The Accounting Journal of Binaniaga

Impact of Corporate Governance, Capital Structure, and Liquidity on Regional Bank Profitability in Indonesia

Sudradjat — 2025-12-30

Profitability indicates a bank's capacity to produce revenue from its assets and activities. Robust corporate governance facilitates prudent decision-making and risk management, whereas larger entities may leverage economies of scale to improve profits. Conversely, excessive leverage amplifies financial risk and can diminish profits, while too conservative liquidity management, although stabilizing, may restrict income possibilities. This study analyzes the impact of corporate governance, leverage, and liquidity on the profitability of regional development banks in Indonesia. The study employs secondary data from the annual reports of 26 regional development banks and utilizes multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that corporate governance does not significantly influence profitability, while leverage and liquidity negatively affect bank profitability. The findings indicate that corporate governance processes are typically effectively executed and monitored; yet, substantial debt commitments and significant cash reserves are likely to diminish profitability due to heightened interest expenses and reduced income production.

Utilizing Household Electricity Consumption Data as an Indicator for Identifying High-Income Taxpayers to Optimize the Tax Ratio in Indonesia

Rizki Ahmad Fauzi — 2025-12-30

This research explores the potential of household electricity consumption as an indicator for identifying high-income taxpayers in Indonesia. The study aims to test the hypothesis that there is a significant positive relationship between household electricity consumption levels and the economic capacity of taxpayers. By analyzing household electricity consumption data above 10,000 watts using a correlational method, the hypothesis testing confirms a significant positive correlation between high electricity consumption and household economic capacity. These findings suggest that the government could use electricity consumption data to improve the accuracy of mapping social groups that should be subject to progressive tax rates. However, the effectiveness of this approach faces challenges such as data validation, integration with existing tax systems, and the readiness of information technology infrastructure. Therefore, strategic measures are needed in data management and the enhancement of the tax system to optimize electricity consumption-based tax policies

Analysis of the Income Statement of Five-Star Hotels Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Using a Relative Sales Approach

Luh Putu Kartika Dewi Dewi — 2025-12-30

This study analyzes the income statements of five-star hotels listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) using a relative sales per room approach. The research aims to identify the factors influencing the profitability of five-star hotels, considering relative sales per room as a key performance indicator. The study employs a quantitative approach with descriptive and inferential analysis on the financial data of five-star hotel companies listed on IDX during the 2020–2024 period. The findings indicate a significant correlation between Revenue per Available Room (RevPAR) and hotel profitability, where effective pricing strategies and operational cost management impact financial performance. Segment analysis reveals that the largest revenue contribution comes from room sales (60–70%), followed by food & beverage (15–25%), and additional services (10–15%). This study provides practical implications for investors and hotel management in optimizing room pricing strategies and operational efficiency to enhance corporate financial performance.

Digital Government Transformation

Fandi Prasetya — 2025-12-30

Digital transformation in government has become a central focus of public service modernization. This study charts the evolution of research on digital transformation in government through bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database (2015–2025) using the keyword "digital transformation of government," resulting in 99 articles analyzed using VOS viewer software. The analysis identified 11 major clusters within the keyword network, with central themes including digital transformation, digital government, and technology adoption. Current trends indicate that the literature remains heavily focused on the practical implementation of technology in public services. Author collaborations are concentrated among a few dominant scholars, with China emerging as the most productive country and Government Information Quarterly as the most cited journal. Density and overlap visualizations highlight emerging topics such as green innovation performance and digital governance, while interest in institutional theory declines. These findings significantly contribute to understanding the intellectual landscape of digital transformation in government and offer strategic directions for future research, particularly in underexplored areas such as technology adoption, government data processing, and public innovation systems. This study also serves as an important reference for policy evaluation and curriculum development in public sector digital governance.

The Influence of Apparatus Competence, Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems, and Community Participation on the Prevention of Village Fund Fraud

Ilham Galih Dini Hari — 2025-12-30

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of apparatus competence, accounting information system effectiveness, and community engagement on preventing fraud in village fund management. Data collection occurred in Kalurahan Candibinangun, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, utilizing a quantitative approach via questionnaires administered to 47 participants directly involved in village fund oversight. Independent variables consist of apparatus competence, accounting information system effectiveness, and community engagement, while fraud prevention constitutes the dependent variable. Findings demonstrate that only community engagement significantly and positively impacts fraud prevention, whereas apparatus competence and accounting information system effectiveness lack significant effects. These results highlight the necessity of external control and transparency in village financial management through active citizen involvement, indicating that fraud prevention requires more than internal competencies or information technology alone. Recommendations include strengthening information transparency, fostering public participation, and enhancing ethical values and internal control frameworks to improve village fund management accountability.

The Impact of the Designation of Coal as a Taxable Good (BKP) on VAT Treatment and Revenue Recognition

Mela Nurdialy — 2025-12-30

This study examines the impact of designating coal as a taxable good (BKP) on Value Added Tax (VAT) treatment and revenue recognition through a case study of PT BNM. Regulatory changes under the Job Creation Law have created differences in interpretation between tax authorities and companies, particularly regarding the timing of VAT liability in FOB Destination transactions. The study aims to analyze the relevant point of goods delivery according to tax regulations and PSAK 115, and to evaluate whether VAT imposition affects the volume of national coal sales. A qualitative case study approach was employed to trace PT BNM’s accounting and taxation practices based on interviews, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that revenue recognition and VAT collection should occur when the Delivery Note (BAST) is issued. Furthermore, data from 2016 to 2023 show that coal sales volumes continue to rise, suggesting that VAT does not hinder industry growth. This study contributes to accounting practices and fiscal policy by proposing technical guidelines for tax authorities to prevent similar disputes in the future

The Effect of Governance Mechanisms and Environmental Disclosure on Financial Performance

Widijaya Widijaya — 2025-12-30

This study examines the influence of Good Corporate Governance mechanisms, Corporate Environmental Disclosure, and Earnings Management on Financial Performance among publicly listed companies in Indonesia. In response to growing demands for transparency and sustainability, the research explores whether Earnings Management mediates the relationship between governance, disclosure, and firm performance. Using a quantitative approach, secondary data were collected from annual and sustainability reports available on the Indonesia Stock Exchange website for the 2019–2023 period. The results show that corporate governance and environmental disclosure positively affect Financial Performance, while Earnings Management partially mediates these relationships. These findings suggest that effective governance structures and transparent environmental reporting can enhance firm performance by limiting opportunistic managerial behavior. The study contributes empirical evidence from an emerging market context and provides practical insights for policymakers, regulators, and investors to strengthen financial reporting transparency and accountability in Indonesia.

Analysis of Whistleblowing System Usage Intent

Cecilia Josefrina Purnamaputri Wantania — 2025-12-31

Integrity and transparency are essential in maintaining accountability within public institutions. However, the implementation of the whistleblowing system in regional government agencies in Indonesia remains limited. This study aims to analyze the influence of legal protection, availability of information, and seriousness of violations on the intention to use the whistleblowing system among employees of the Minahasa District Education Office. Using a quantitative approach and survey method, data were collected from 50 respondents and analyzed through multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS. The results reveal that both legal protection and availability of information have a positive but insignificant effect on the intention to report violations, while the seriousness of violations has a positive and significant effect. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.603 indicates that 60.3% of the variation in intention to use the whistleblowing system is explained by the three independent variables. These findings suggest that moral awareness arising from the seriousness of a violation plays a greater role than structural factors such as legal protection and system information. Strengthening ethical culture, legal safeguards, and effective internal communication is essential to encourage employees’ willingness to engage in whistleblowing behavior.

The Effect of Budget Efficiency on the Accountability of Local Government Agency Performance

Fauziyah Azzahro — 2025-12-31

This study aims to analyze the effect of budget efficiency on the performance accountability of Local Government Agency during the years 2022 – 2024. Budget efficiency is measured by the ratio of budget realization to the allocation, while performance accountability is measured by the achievement of the Key Performance Indicators (KPI) of strategic objectives based on the Government Agency Performance Accountability Report (LAKIP). This research uses a quantitative method with simple regression analysis using annual time series data. The results show that budget efficiency has a positive and significant impact on performance accountability. This finding indicates that the more efficient the budget management, the higher the achievement of strategic objective performance. During the study period, the Social Service Office of Jember Regency managed to maintain performance achievements above target, even though the budget realization was at an efficiency level of 87% - 90%. This shows that efficient budget management plays a crucial role in improving the performance accountability of the organization.

When Green Hurts Value Unless You Run Lean

Meka Darwis — 2025-12-31

This study investigated the ESG-firm value relationship in asset-heavy industries listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, where sustainability efforts often involve high capital intensity and long-term payoffs. Previous research offered mixed results, with limited attention to internal firm-level moderators in emerging markets. Addressing this gap, this study examined whether asset utilization enhanced the valuation impact of ESG performance. Using unbalanced panel data from 165 firm-year observations (2018–2023), ESG performance negatively affected firm value, reflecting market skepticism in capital-intensive sectors. However, asset utilization positively moderated this effect, suggesting that operational efficiency could mitigate ESG-related value erosion. Board size also showed a negative effect, indicating governance inefficiencies. These findings emphasized the importance of embedding ESG in operations to strengthen investor confidence.

Effect of Socialization and Literacy on Compliance

Fanny Angelica — 2025-12-31

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary sector of Palembang play a vital role in the regional economy; however, their level of tax compliance remains relatively low. Limited effective tax socialization and low levels of tax literacy among business owners are key factors influencing this issue. This study aims to analyse the effect of tax socialization and tax literacy on tax compliance, with tax sanctions as a moderating variable. The population consisted of 79,158 culinary MSMEs in Palembang, with 100 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analysed through multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA) using SPSS version 31. The results reveal that both tax socialization and tax literacy have a positive and significant effect on tax compliance. However, tax sanctions do not moderate the relationship between tax socialization and tax compliance and negatively moderate the relationship between tax literacy and tax compliance. These findings suggest that strengthening tax socialization and improving tax literacy are more effective approaches to enhancing voluntary tax compliance among MSMEs than relying on punitive tax sanctions alone.